Za početni nivo - A1 - pasiv

Pasiv (the Passive Voice)

Pasiv (Passive Voice) je konstrukcija koja se sastoji od subjekta, pomoćnog glagola to be i prošlog participa glavnog glagola. Pasiv se mnogo češće koristi u engleskom nego u sprskom jeziku i to u sledećim situacijama

1.kada vršilac radnje nije poznat:

John’s car was stolen last night.

 Džonova kola su ukradena prošle noći (ne znamo ko je to uradio)

2.kada vršilac radnje nije bitan, ili se podrazumeva:

Football is played all over the world.

Fudbal se igra širom sveta (igraju ga svi – od dece do profesionalaca)

3.kada se naglašava radnja a ne vršilac radnje, kada je vršilac očigledan:

10 000 car will be produced next year.

10000 automobila biće proizvedeno sledeće godine. (znamo da  će ih praviti radnici, naglašavamo koliko će ih biti napravljeno)

Pravila koja važe za upotrebu određenih glagolskih oblika u aktivnom obliku, ista su i za pasivne oblike.

građenje: BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

       1.    Vežbanje: napravi pasiv od sledećih pravilnih glagola – sledi primer

play – am, is, are played

visit

ask

discover

clean

paint

study

2.    Dopuni rečenice sa am/is/are

Classrooms _____________cleaned every day.

I ____________asked by my teachers.

Students ____________asked many questions.

The museum ___________visited every day.

His room ____________painted every year.

Basketball __________played everywhere.

3.    Rasporedi glagole tako da rečenice imaju smisla, ako postoji reč koju ne razumeš, pitaj šta znači i zapiši je:

isn't drunk  / aren't produced  /aren't sold / is recycled / is spoken / are made /

are watched /is made

Top of Form

1.      Glass____________________ (recycle) in Britain.

2.      These stereos __________________________ (not / produce) in Japan.

3.      Alcohol _____________________ (not / drink) in schools.

4.      Jam_________________________ (make) from fruit.

5.      French______________________ (speak) in some parts of Canada.

6.      The Olympic Games___________________ (watch) by millions of people.

7.      Cars_______________________ (make) in Poland.

8.      Sandwiches_______________________ (not / sell) in banks.

Bottom of Form

4.    Koristi tabelu da napraviš rečenice (bar 4 rečenice):

I John Houses They Football Basketball You

am is are

played asked visited cleaned painted

every day every month every year

Od aktivne rečenice se pravi pasivna na sledeći način:

Active

Tesla invented alternating current.

1.Prvo analizirajte rečenicu:

·         Tesla – subjekat

·         invented – predikat u gl.obliku Past Simple Tense

·         alternating current – objekat

2.objekat aktivne rečenice (alternating current) postaje subjekat pasivne

3.dodajemo glagol TO BE koji će biti u vremenu u kom je glagol glavne rečenice; u ovom slučaju to je Simple Past (be → was)

4.dodajemo prošli particip pomoćnog glagola (invent – invented)

5.u ovom slučaju pominjemo vršioca radnje jer je bitan dodajemo predlog by a zatim i subjekat aktivne rečenice (by Tesla)

Passive

Аlternating current was invented by Tesla

Tenses	To Be	Adjectives of time
Simple Present	Am/is/are	Usually, often, always, sometimes, rarely, seldom, every (day)
Present Continuous	Am/is/are being	Now, at the/this moment
Simple Past	Was/were	Yesterday, the day before yesterday, in (2004), last (week), (a week) ago
Past Continuous	Was/were being	All day long, the whole (afternoon), when / while + another sentence
Present Perfect	Have/has been	Ever, never, since, for, recently, lately, already, yet, just, this (week), today
Past Perfect	Had been	As soon as, before / after + another sentence (usually in Past Simple)
Modals* (can, may, will, must...)	Can* be (will be / may be / must be...)	/